OM301
Acupuncture Treat Ophthalmology and Ears, Nose, Throat
Acupuncture can be utilized as a complementary or alternative treatment for various conditions related to ophthalmology (eyes) as well as the ears, nose, and throat.
Acupuncture treatments for these conditions involve stimulating specific acupuncture points on the body, often focusing on meridians related to the affected areas.
Here is some common illness could treat with Acupuncture.
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Otology
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Foundation
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Anatomy
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Signs
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Purulent Ear
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Deafness
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Tinnitus
Otology - Ears Disease
Rhinology - Nose Disease
Pharyngology - Throat Disease
Ear Relationships with Zang Fu
1. Kidney
•Physiologically, the kidney stores essence. When the renal essence reaches the ears upward, normal hearing will exist.
•Sufficient essence ensures the generation of brain marrow. The human balance function is closely related to brain marrow.
•If the brain marrow is deficient, vertigo and tinnitus will occur.
2. Liver and gallbladder
•The branches of gallbladder meridian of foot-shaoyang pass from the back of the ear through the ear to reach the area in front of the ear.
•the liver and the gallbladder are exterior- interiorly connected. Accordingly, flaming-up of the liver fire may give rise to such diseases or symptoms like tinnitus, deafness, otalgia(Ear pain) and ear suppuration(Pus).
3. Lung
•Clinically, deafness due to diseases like secretory otitis media results from the failure of Lung Qi function normally in the case of invasion of the lung by pathogenic wind.
4. Heart
•The kidney and heart are close ties.one is the physiological in coordination between the heart and the kidney which causes tinnitus and deafness;
•the other is the obstruction of blood vessels which may also give rise to deafness and obstruction of the ear.
5. Spleen
•The spleen raises clear yang to nourish the ear. The seven facial orifices are called "the orifices of clear yang". This means all the seven orifices depend on the nourishment of clear yang to function normally.
• If the spleen qi is deficient, clear yang will fail to be raised and turbid qi will rise, giving rise to prolonged purulent secretion inside the ear, deafness, vertigo, etc.
Ear Relation with the Meridians
The meridians circulating inside the ear:
Gallbladder Meridian of Foot-Shaoyang,
Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Taiyang,
Sanjiao Meridian of Hand-Shaoyang,
The meridians circulating around the ear:
Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang,
Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming and
Large Intestine Meridian of Hand-Yangming.
Anatomy and Physiology of the Ear
Differentiation of Symptoms and Signs:
•1. Ear pain:
•Slight pain accompanied by fever and aversion to cold is caused by superficial wind-heat.
•Severe ear pain described as throbbing or pricking pain, with yellow and viscid effusion, accompanied by irritability, dry throat and bitter taste in the mouth, is mostly due to upward steaming of damp-heat in the liver and gallbladder.
•Prolonged slight ear pain, with lingering purulent effusion is mostly related to spleen deficiency.
•2. Discharge (Pus from ear):
•The initial and sudden onset is mostly identified to excess and heat syndromes.
•Yellowish is due to fire and heat in the liver and GB.
•A large volume of yellow pus is often caused by damp-heat in the liver and gallbladder.
•Prolonged illness with clear and thin purulent effusion in large volume is usually due to dampness of spleen deficiency.
•The clear and thin purulent effusion in scanty volume is usually the sign of kidney deficiency.
•3. Tinnitus:
•Initial tinnitus in low-pitch sound, with stuffy and distending sensation in the ear, is mostly caused by wind and heat.
•Sudden tinnitus in rumbling sound, with blocking sensation in the ear, usually comes from liver fire.
•Progressive appearance of tinnitus in cicada's chirp is often related to Yin deficiency of the liver and kidney.
•4. Deafness
•Initial and sudden deafness is identified to excess syndromes caused by stagnation of Qi and blood stasis due to the accumulation of wind-heat, liver-fire and phlegm-fire in the orifice of the ear.
•Long-term or progressive deafness belongs to deficiency syndromes due to deficiency of the liver and kidney and weakness of spleen-Qi.
Purulent Ear – Ting Er
Acute Suppurative Otitis Media
•It refers to acute infection caused by invasion of suppurative - bacteria in mucous membrane and periost of the middle ear.
•Clinically it is characterized by ear pain, fever, and pus effusion in the ear.
•It is similar to the category of "Suppurative Ear of Excessive Type" in Chinese medicine. It is a common problem in otology and often happens in children.
Etiology and Pathogenesis
•It is due to invasion of pathogenic wind and heat evils which go to the ear through meridians, and causes accumulation of heat-toxin, the accumulated heat steams and burns tympanic membrane; or seven emotional factors and fire created from stagnation of liver Qi: which are sent upwards to the ear orifice along the Gallbladder Meridian, resulting in the mixture of the external and internal evils, and hence causing suppuration and perforation in tympanic membrane.
Clinical Manifestations
1. Ear pain, even throbbing pain, is progressively aggravated so that sleeping often be influenced.
•As soon as tympanic membrane perforates, ear pain and body temperature would be relieved and decreased markedly.
•2. Accompanied by high fever, aversion to cold, headache and uncomfortable sensation in the whole body.
•3. Conductive decrease of hearing ability, accompanied by tinnitus.
•4. pus effusion in the ear
Type and Treatment
• 1) Invasion of wind-heat evils
•Symptoms and Signs: pain inside the ear, stuffy ear, tinnitus, decrease of hearing ability; in sick children, there are frequent cry, ear pain becomes relieved and the symptoms become stable after pus is released.
•The accompanied symptoms are high fever, aversion to cold, restlessness, nausea, and convulsion, headache, nasal discharge, thin and white tongue coating, superficial and rapid pulse.
•Therapeutic Method: Expelling wind and clarifying heat and discharge of pus.
•(1) Acupuncture
•SI 19, GB 2, SJ 17, SJ 21
•GB 20,DU14, LU7
•SJ 5, LI 4
•3 to 5 acupoints are selected in each ,treatment, the treatment is given once every day and with the needles retained for 20 minutes.
•(2) Auricular therapy: The points are Pt. Ear, Pt. Common Cold, Pt. Earcentre.
• 2) Damp and heat in the liver and gallbladder
•Symptoms and Signs: Severe ear pain, throbbing pain or piercing pain radiating to the head, decrease of hearing ability, yellow and sticking pus, conduction deafness.
•accompanied by red cheeks, red eyes, dry throat, bitter taste in the mouth, constipation, yellow urine; yellow and grease tongue coating, wiry and rapid pulse.
•Therapeutic Method: Clear liver and gallbladder heat and damp elimination and pus discharge.
•(1) Acupuncture
•SI 19, GB 2, SJ 17, SJ 21,
•GB 34, GB 43, LI 11, GB 40,
•SJ 5, LI 4.
•3 to 5 acupoints are selected in each ,treatment, the treatment is given once every day and with the needles retained for 20 minutes.
•(2) Auricular therapy: The points are Pt. Ear, Pt. Liver, Pt. Gallbladder.
Sudden Deafness
•Etiology and Pathogenesis
•It is related to invasion of external pathogenic wind and internal injury of seven emotional factors, which causes stagnation of meridians in the ear orifice, disharmony between Qi and blood, and obstruction of the clear orifice.
Clinical Manifestations
l. Sudden onset, deafness usually reaches its highest severity in 24 hours.
2. Often accompanied by tinnitus, vertigo, stuffy and distending sensation in the ear.
3. There is no obvious affection in the external auditory canal, tympanic membrane and auditory tube.
4. Audiometry shows nervous deafness.
Type and Treatment
1. Syndrome of attack by wind and heat
•Main symptoms and signs: Hypoacusis with sudden onset, tinnitus like blowing wind,
•accompanying symptoms of headache, nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, cough, or fever and aversion to cold, red lingual tip, floating and rapid pulse.
•Therapeutic methods: Dispelling wind, expelling pathogenic factors to improve hearing.
•(1) Acupuncture:
•SJ 17, SI 19, GB 2, SJ 21,
•SJ 3,SJ 5,
•LI4, GB20,DU14
•Each time 3 to 4 acupoints are selected and punctured with reducing technique, and the treatment is given once a day.
•(2) Auricular therapy: The points are Pt. Ear, Pt. Internal Ear, Pt. Ear-shenmen, Pt. Occiput
•2. Syndrome of liver fire stirring the upper
•Main symptoms and signs: Onset after great anger or emotional depression with sudden hypoacusis. intra-aural distension and fullness with tinnitus, dizziness,
•conjunctiva congestion, red tongue with thin yellowish fur, wiry and rapid pulse.
•Therapeutic methods: Clearing away heat from the liver and purging fire, promoting qi flow and removing obstruction of orifices.
•(1) Acupuncture:
•SJ 17, SI 19, GB 2, SJ 21
•SJ 3,SJ 5,
•GB 34, GB 43
•Each time 3 to 4 acupoints are selected and punctured with reducing technique, and the treatment is given once a day.
•(2) Auricular therapy: The points are Pt. Ear, Pt. Internal Ear, Pt. Ear-shenmen, Pt. LV Pt. Occiput
•3. Syndrome of stagnation of phlegm and fire
•Main symptoms and signs: Sudden hypoacusis or with accompanying tinnitus, cloudiness of the tympanic membrane. deafness found by audiometry,
•thoracic fullness, nausea, expectoration with yellow colour, red tongue with yellowish and greasy fur, slippery and rapid pulse.
•Therapeutic methods: Purging fire and resolving phlegm, regulating qi and removing obstruction of orifices.
•(1) Acupuncture:
•SJ 17, SI 19, GB 2, SJ 21
•SJ 3,SJ 5, GB 34,
•SP 9, ST 40,LI11
•Each time 3 to 4 acupoints are selected and punctured with reducing technique, and the treatment is given once a day.
•(2) Auricular therapy: The points are Pt. Ear, Pt. Internal Ear, Pt. Ear-shenmen, Pt. Occiput
Senile Deafness
•It refers to the progressive decrease of hearing ability on both ears after middle age and it is often related to heredity.
•Clinically it is characterized by bilateral, chronic and progressive deafness, and it belongs to the category of "Deafness due to Kidney Deficiency" in Chinese medicine.
•Etiology and Pathogenesis
•Kidney opens into the ears and kidney Qi flows into the ears.
•Only when essence and Qi in the kidney are sufficient and plentiful, and when the sea of bone marrow is nourished, can the hearing ability be sensitive, and can the distinguishing power be higher. In the old people, essence and Qi in the kidney start to subside, resulting in decrease of the hearing ability.
•Clinical Manifestations
•1. It often starts after 50 years old, the hearing ability decreases progressively, and especially hearing ability of high frequency decreases first.
•2. The decrease of the hearing ability is symmetrical on both sides, diagnosed as nervous deafness without vibration.
Type and Treatment
• (1) Insufficiency of kidney essence
•Symptoms and Signs: Progressive decrease of the hearing ability in both ears,
•accompanied by soft tinnitus which is relieved in the mornings and aggravated in the evenings, decrease in mentality, slow in action, weakness in feet, impotence, pale tongue, scanty tongue coating, thready and rapid pulse.
•Therapeutic Method:
•Nourishing the kidney, replenishing essence and relieving deafness.
•Acupuncture:
•SJ 21, GB 2, SJ 17
•BL 23, ST 36, SP 6, KD3
•SJ 5, SJ 3
•Each time 3 to 5 acupoints are punctured, and the treatment is given 1-2/week.
• (2) Deficiency of kidney Qi
•Symptoms and Signs: Progressive deafness, slight tinnitus,
•accompanied by shortness of breath due to exertion, loose stool, urine in large volume, enuresis, dribbling of urine, pale tongue,
•white tongue coating, deep and feeble pulse.
•Therapeutic Method: Tonifying the kidney, benefiting Qi and relieving deafness.
•Acupuncture:
•SJ 21, GB 2, SJ 17
•BL 23, ST 36, SP 6, KD3
•SJ 5, SJ 3
•Each time 3 to 5 acupoints are punctured, and the treatment is given once every day.
Nervous Tinnitus
•It refers to the disease characterized clinically by high-pitch tinnitus and without dysfunction in the hearing ability.
•Etiology and Pathogenesis
•Mostly it is related to insufficiency of kidney- Yin and ascension of deficient fire which disturb the clear orifice, or related to deficiency and consumption of meridians around the eyes and ears, or ascension of liver fire which disturbs upwards the clear orifice, and causing tinnitus.
•Clinical Manifestations
1. Continuous high-pitch tinnitus, aggravated at night.
2. Mostly, subjective tinnitus.
3. Mostly, normal hearing ability.
Type and Treatment
•(1) Insufficiency of kidney- Yin
•. Symptoms and Signs, Slight and continuous tinnitus in cicada’ s chirp, aggravated at night,
•warm sensation in five centres, soreness and weakness in low back and knees, dizziness and blurring of vision, red tongue, scanty tongue coating, thready and rapid pulse
•Therapeutic Method, Tonifying Yin, subsiding fire and stopping tinnitus.
• (1) Acupuncture:
•SJ 21, SI 19, GB 2, SJ 17
•SJ 3, SJ 5,
•KD3,KD6,SP 6.
(2) Auricular therapy: The points are Pt. Ear, Pt. Internal Ear, Pt. Ear-shenmen, Pt. Kidney
•(2) Deficiency in the heart and spleen Qi
•Symptoms and Signs: Deficient tinnitus,
•aggravated by fatigue and standing up, lustrous less facial complexion, palpitation, insomnia, pale lips, pale tongue, thin and white tongue coating, thready and weak pulse.
•Therapeutic Method: Tonifying and benefiting the heart and spleen Qi.
• (1) Acupuncture:
•SJ 21, SI 19, GB 2, SJ 17,
•SJ 3, SJ 5,
•ST 36, SP 6.
• (2) Auricular therapy: The points are Pt. Ear, Pt.Internal Ear, Pt. Ear-shenmen, Pt. Heart, Pt. Spleen.
•(3) Excessive of liver fire
•Symptoms and Signs: Loud tinnitus, aggravated by emotional disturbance,
•accompanied by headache, ear pain, flushed cheeks, red eyes, distending pain in the chest and hypochondria,
•Red tongue, yellow tongue coating, wiry and rapid pulse.
•Therapeutic Method, Cleaning the liver and subsiding fire.
•(I) Acupuncture:
•SJ 21, SI 19, GB 2, SJ 17
•SJ 3, SJ 5,
•LV2, GB43, GB 34
•(2) Auricular therapy: The points are Pt. Ear, Pt.Internal Ear, Pt. Ear-shenmen, Pt. Kidney, Pt. Liver
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Rhinology
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Foundation
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Anatomy
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Signs
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Nasal Congestion
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Turbid Nasal Discharge
Rhinology - Nose Disease
Nasal Congestion
Turbid Nasal Discharge
Nose Relationships with Zang Fu
1. Lung
►The lung opens into the nose. Naturally, the lung is closely related to the nose.
►Invasion of the lung by exogenous pathogenic factors, heat in the lung meridian, or deficiency and cold of the lung qi may all give rise to such diseases as nasal obstruction, profuse nasal discharge and nasal polyp.
2. Stomach
►The stomach meridian of foot-yangming passes beside the nose, and this meridian is the meridian of profuse blood and sufficient qi.
►Therefore, if there exists heat in the stomach, it will rise to invade the nose along the course of stomach meridian of foot-yangming, resulting in fire-heat syndromes of the nasal region such as nasal bleeding, nasal furuncle and swelling.
3. Spleen
►Physiologically, the spleen raises lucid yang and lowers the turbidity.
►If this function fails, three possible situations may occur: if the spleen qi fails to keep blood circulating within blood vessels, nasal bleeding will appear; if there exists turbid dampness in the nose, profuse nasal discharge will occur; if phlegm and dampness accumulate, nasal polyp will be generated.
4. Kidney
►The kidney controls water metabolism and the five kinds of fluids.
►Nasal discharge belongs to one of the five kinds of fluids.
►yin deficiency of the kidney may see dry nasal cavity, even atrophy of mucosa, mostly seen in atrophic rhinitis;
►yang deficiency of the kidney may see profuse thin nasal discharge, mostly seen in allergic rhinitis (anaphylactic rhinitis).
5. Gallbladder
►The gallbladder meridian of foot-shaoyang distributes tortuously at the rear of the head.
►Accordingly, TCM believes if heat affects the brain, it will give rise to yellow, profuse and turbid nasal discharge.
►When the gallbladder transfers its heat to the brain, it will cause Bi yuan (rhinorrhea with turbid discharge).
Nose Relation with the Meridians
►The meridians circulating in and around the nose are
►Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming,
►Large Intestine Meridian of Hand-Yangming,
►Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Tai yang,
►Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang,
► Ren Meridian and
►Du Meridian.
Anatomy and Physiology of the Nose
Differentiation of Symptoms and Signs:
►1. Nasal obstruction:
►Mostly it is caused by unsmooth flow of Qi and blood in the nose.
► 2. Nasal discharge
Clear and watery:
►In acute diseases: wind and cold
►In chronic diseases: Qi deficiency in the lung and spleen or Yang deficiency in the kidney.
►Whitish nasal discharge: deficiency of the lung Qi which fails to protect the surface, deficiency of the spleen in the transportation which causes ascension of turbid dampness.
►Yellowish turbid nasal discharge is mostly caused by the mixture of heat in Zangfu organs with external pathogenic evils. Nasal discharge with blood is usually caused by the pathogenic dryness.
Chronic Rhinitis
►It refers to the condition in which pathogenic factor in nasal mucosa lingers and is unable to be expelled for a long time.
Etiology and Pathogenesis
►It is related to Qi deficiency of the lung and spleen which fails to protect the body from being attacked by pathogenic factors, and which leaves the evils and toxins to linger in the body, resulting in accumulation of the evils in meridians and collaterals, stagnation of Qi and blood as well as nasal obstruction.
Clinical Manifestations
1. Intermittent, alternative or continuous nasal obstruction.
2. Swelling or hypertrophy of nasal mucosa, which is as big as mulberry fruit and in dark-red colour, especially in inferior nasal concha.
3. Mucous excretion in nasal cavity, difficult to be blown out.
Type and Treatment
• 1) Qi deficiency of the lung and spleen, with lingering evils in the nose
►Symptoms and Signs, Alternative or intermittent nasal obstruction aggravated by cold, scanty white nasal discharge,
►accompanied by cough, thin sputum, poor appetite, loose stool, pale tongue, thin and white tongue coating, slow and feeble pulse.
►Therapeutic Method, Nourishing the lung and spleen. Removing the evils and opening the orifice.
►(1) Acupuncture:
►LI 20 , Yintang , DU 23 , BL 2
► LI 4
►ST36,UB13,UB20
►The acupoints are punctured with the needles retained for 20 minutes, and one treatment is given every other day.
►(2) Moxibustion: The acupoints are DU 26 . LI 20 , DU 16 , BL 13 , BL 20 , and ST 36 .
• 2) Lingering evils, stagnation of Qi and blood stasis
►Symptoms and Signs: Serious and continuous nasal obstruction. obstructive nasal sound,
►accompanied by heavy sensation in the head, discomfort, dry throat, dark-red or purple tongue, thin and white tongue coating, and wiry and thready or hesitant pulse.
►Therapeutic Method: Adjusting and harmonizing Qi and blood for removing stagnation and dispersing stasis.
►(1) Acupuncture:
►LI 20 , Yintang , DU 23 , BL 2
►LI 4, LV3,
► SP10, UB17
►The acupoints are punctured with the needles retained for 20 minutes, and one treatment is given every other day.
►(2) Moxibustion: The acupoints are DU 26 . LI 20 , DU 16.
Allergic Rhinitis
►It refers to allergic reaction of nasal mucosa stimulated by wind and cold evils (allergen) , clinically characterized by tickling sensation in the nose, sneeze, watery nasal discharge, sudden onset and disappearance.
Etiology and Pathogenesis
►It is related to invasion of allergic evils which cause dysfunction of the lung in descending and dispersing abilities, and dysfunction of the kidney and Spleen in governing and accepting abilities, resulting in internal production of turbid dampness, accumulation of body fluid, lingering nasal discharge.
Clinical Manifestations
1. Tickling sensation in the nose, accompanied by tickling sensation in the eyes and throat, nasal obstruction.
2. Frequent sneeze, over ten continuous sneezes one Time.
3. Nasal discharge, profuse watery secretion.
4. Rapid onset and disappearance. Reoccurrence.
5. Slight red tongue, thin and white tongue coating, thready and feeble pulse.
Type and Treatment
1) wind and cold invading the lung
►Main symptoms and signs: Short duration of onset, paroxysmal nasal itch and sneezing, clear and thin nasal discharge, nasal obstruction, or with cough, expectoration of sputum with whitish colour and aversion to wind, whitish nasal mucosa with edema, little reddish tongue with whitish thin fur, floating and tense pulse.
►Therapeutic methods: Dispelling wind and descending the lung qi, expelling cold and removing obstruction of the orifice.
Acupuncture:
LI 20 , Yin Tang, Du23
GB 20 , LI 4, LU7.
Each time 2 to 3 acupoints are punctured, and the treatment is given once a day.
2) internal accumulation of heat in the lung
►Main symptoms and signs: Repeated onset of nasal itch, sneezing, clear nasal discharge with scanty amount, nasal obstruction, dryness of the nasal cavity during the intermittent stage, thirst with inclination to drink, reddish complexion, reddish nasal mucosa with swelling, reddish tongue with whitish or yellowish fur as well as rapid pulse.
►Therapeutic methods: Clearing away heat and descending the lung qi.
Acupuncture:
LI 20 , Yin Tang, Du23
LI 4 ,
LI11, LU5
Each time 2 to 3 acupoints are punctured, and the treatment is given once a day.
3).Qi deficiency of the lung and spleen
►Main symptoms and signs: Long duration of attack, repeated onset of nasal itch and sneezing, clear and profuse nasal discharge and nasal obstruction which occur or worsen after fatigue, or cough, expectoration, anorexia, loose stool, fatigue of limbs, little red tongue with whitish and thin or whitish and greasy fur, thready and weak pulse.
►Therapeutic methods: Tonifying the lung and spleen, sending up yang to consolidate defensive qi.
(1) Acupuncture:
LI 20 , Yin Tang, Du23
LI 4 ,
BL 13 , BL 20, BL 23 .
Each time 2 to 3 acupoints are punctured, and the treatment is given once a day.
(2) Moxibustion: The acupoints are RN 6 and ST 36 .
Moxa-stick is applied above the selected acupoints till local skin feels warm.
4). Yang deficiency of the kidney
►Main symptoms and signs: Long duration of onset, paroxysmal nasal itch and sneezing, clear nasal discharge, nasal obstruction, anosmia,
►aversion to cold, cold limbs, loose stool, frequent and profuse nocturnal urine, pale tongue with whitish fur, deep and thready pulse.
►Therapeutic methods: Warming and strengthening the kidney yang, consolidating defensive qi and removing obstruction of the orifice.
(1). Acupuncture:
LI 20 , Yin Tang, Du23
LI 4 ,
BL 13 , BL 23 .
Each time 2 to 3 acupoints are punctured, and the treatment is given once a day.
(2) Moxibustion: The acupoints are DU 23 , DU 4 , RN 6 and ST 36 .
Each time 2 to 3 acupoints are selected and one or two treatments are given a day.
Acute Sinusitis
It is a commonly-encountered acute inflammation in the mucosa of the nasal sinuses.
In Chinese medicine, it is called "Bi Yuan --Sinusitis".
Etiology and Pathogenesis
►It is related to the pathogenic factors which invade and attack the human body and mix with the heat in the lung, spleen and gallbladder, ascending to the orifice of the nose, steaming and burning the muscular membrane of the nasal sinuses.
Clinical Manifestations
1. Decrease of smelling ability in the attack of nasal obstruction.
2. Profuse and purulent nasal discharge, yellow, turbid nasal discharge with stinking(Smelly) odour and difficulty to blow off.
3. There is painful sensation from the sinuses. Splitting headache or distension and discomfort in the head. Headache varies with the condition of sick sinuses, mostly appearing in the superficial skull in sinusitis of the anterior group of sinuses.
Type and Treatment
( 1 ) Wind-heat
►Symptoms and Signs, Nasal obstruction, profuse yellow and tenacious nasal discharge, hyposmia, pain in the forehead or temples,
►fever, aversion to cold, slight red tongue, thin and yellow tongue coating, superficial and rapid pulse.
►Therapeutic Method: Expelling wind and clarifying heat
►Acupuncture:
►LI 20 ,Yintang , Taiyang ,
►LI 4 ,
►LU7, DU14, GB 20
►Each time 2 to 3 acupoints are punctured and manipulated with strong stimulation, and the treatment is given once a day.
(2) Heat accumulation in the gallbladder
►Symptoms and Signs: Nasal obstruction, yellow, tenacious and purulent nasal discharge, hyposmia, spliting headache, fever, bitter taste in the mouth, dry throat, blurring of vision, red tongue, yellow tongue coating, wiry and rapid pulse.
►Therapeutic Method: Clarifying heat from the gallbladder for removing dampness and opening the orifice.
►Acupuncture:
►LI 20 ,Yintang , Taiyang ,
►LI 4 , GB 20 ,
►GB34, GB43
►Each time 2 to 3 acupoints are punctured and manipulated with strong stimulation, and the treatment is given once a day.
(3) Damp-heat in spleen meridian
►Symptoms and Signs: Trickling yellow and turbid nasal discharge in a large volume, severe nasal obstruction. Anosmia, headache, heaviness on head,
►distending sensation in abdomen, red tongue, yellow and greasy tongue coating, Slippery and rapid pulse.
►Therapeutic Method, tonify the spleen and reducing heat for removing dampness and turbidity.
►Acupuncture:
►LI 20 ,Yintang , Taiyang ,
►LI 4 , GB 20 ,
►LI 11 and ST 36
►Each time 2 to 3 acupoints are punctured and manipulated with strong stimulation, and the treatment is given once a day.
Chronic Sinusitis
►It often develops from acute sinusitis, clinically characterized by lingering turbid nasal discharge.
►It belongs to the category of "Bi Yuan --Sinusitis" in Chinese medicine.
•Etiology and Pathogenesis
►It is related to deficiency of the lung and spleen which fail to protect the surface and fail to expel pathogenic evils, resulting in unsmooth flow of Qi and blood in the nose, and dysfunction in fluid transportation and transformation, which in turn causes accumulation of pathogenic damp and turbidity in the nose, and hence decay as well as suppuration.
•Clinical Manifestations
1. A large volume of lingering, sticking and white nasal discharge without smelly odour, decrease of smelling ability, severity of nasal obstruction, nasal obstruction relieved after blowing the nose and aggravated by exposure to wind and cold.
2. Accompanied by dizziness, distending sensation in the head shortness of breath, lassitude, low voice, reluctance in speaking.
3. Pale tongue, thin and white tongue coating, soft and slow and feeble pulse.
Type and Treatment
• (1) Lung qi deficiency
►Main symptoms and signs: Nasal discharge is whitish and greasy. Nasal obstruction is severe or mild, with hyposmia. Nasal obstruction and discharge worsen when the nose is stimulated by cold, etc.
►The general symptoms include short breath, fatigue and cough with sputum. The tongue is pale with whitish thin fur and the pulse is thready and weak.
►Therapeutic methods: Tonify lung qi, dispelling wind and dispersing cold.
(1)Acupuncture
►main acupoints :LI 20 , LI 4 , DU 23, DU 20
►additional acupoints: BL 2 , Yintang , BL 7 ,GB 20 UB13,UB20
►The treatment is given once a day. The main acupoints must be used in every treatment and the additional acupoints are chosen alternatively. All the acupoints are manipulated by tonifying technique, and with the needles retained for 10 to 15 minutes. Seven to ten days treatments are as one course.
(2) Moxibustion: It is supposed to LI 20 and DU 23
ST36, UB13
• (2) Qi deficiency of the spleen
►Main symptoms and signs: Nasal discharge is whitish, greasy and profuse, but free from foul odour. Nasal obstruction is severer with hyposmia.
►The general symptoms include fatigue of limbs, poor appetite, abdominal distension, loose stool and sallow complexion.
►The tongue is pale with whitish thin fur and the pulse is slow and weak.
►Therapeutic methods: Strengthening the spleen and invigorating qi, removing dampness.
(1) Acupuncture
►main acupoints :LI 20 , LI 4 , DU 23 DU 20
►additional acupoints: BL 2 , Yintang , BL 7 ,GB 20 UB13, UB20, ST36, Ren6
►The treatment is given once a day. The main acupoints must be used in every treatment and the additional acupoints are chosen alternatively. All the acupoints are manipulated by tonifying technique, and with the needles retained for 10 to 15 minutes. Seven to ten days' treatments are as one course.
(2) Moxibustion: It is supposed to LI 20 and DU 23
ST36, SP6, SP9
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Pharyngology
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Foundation
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Anatomy
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Signs
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Sore Throat
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Loss of voice
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Toothache
Pharyngology - Throat Disease
Sore Throat
Loss Of Voice
Toothache
Throat Relationships with Zang Fu
The mouth, teeth, lips, tongue and pharynx work together to grind food, distinguish the five flavors. They are all regarded to be connected with the spleen and stomach.
The heart opens its orifice into the tongue. spleen opens its orifice into the mouth (lips).
The kidney dominates bones, and the teeth.
The larynx, pertaining to the LU system, is the Passage for respiration and, dominates voice.
Throat Relation with the Meridians
MOUTH, TEETH, LIPS and TONGUE:
The meridians circulating inside the oral cavity are Large Intestine Meridian, Stomach Meridian, Spleen Meridian, Kidney Meridian, Liver Meridian, Ren Meridian, Du Meridian and Chong Meridian.
LARYNX and PHARYNX:
Besides the indirect connection of the PC Meridian and the Bl Meridian with the larynx and pharynx, all the rest meridians of the twelve regular meridians, including Ren Meridian and Chong Meridian, connect with larynx and pharynx directly.
Anatomy and Physiology of the Mouth and Throat
Differentiation of Symptoms and Signs:
The common symptoms in pharyngeal diseases are sore throat, dry throat, and obstructive sensation in the throat.
1.Sore throat
1.At the initial stage, slight soreness and redness in the throat can be identified as the result of wind-cold.
2.Redness and swelling of the throat in the beginning are due to wind-heat.
3. Long-term duration, slight pain, dryness, slight redness and swelling in the throat are Yin deficiency in LU/KD.
4. Slight soreness and lingering ulceration in the throat are due to Yang deficiency in the spleen and kidney.
5. Long-term slight soreness and light-colored swelling in the throat are related to accumulation of damp and Phlegm.
2. Dry throat:
1.At the initial stage, soreness, dryness and redness in the throat are due to wind-heat.
2.Dryness, severe redness and swelling in the throat are related to hyperactive heat in the lung and stomach.
3.Dry throat with slight pain and redness indicates the kidney- Yin deficiency and deficient fire.
4.Dry, tickling and red throat with dry cough are caused by the lung Yin deficiency.
5.Dry throat with preference for drinking is mostly due to consumption of body fluid by heat evil.
3. Obstructive sensation in the throat:
1.Obstructive sensation in the throat, accompanied. by severe pain, redness and swelling and difficulty in swallow, is mostly caused by of heat toxin.
2.Sensation of a foreign body in the throat, which seems hard to cough up and swallow down, and more aggravated in anxious state of emotion, is related to stagnation of liver-Qi (Plum Pit Qi).
3.Sensation of a foreign body in the throat with slight pain, itching, dryness and normal swallowing ability is mostly related to Yin deficiency in the LU and KD.
Acute Tonsillitis
It refers to acute and non-specific inflammation of the palatine tonsil.
Etiology and Pathogenesis
It is related to pathogenic wind and heat which invade through the mouth and nose to attack the lung and stomach, resulting in the condition that heat in the lung ascends and attacks the throat by the lung meridian; or related to accumulation of heat in the stomach and spleen due to preference for spicy and greasy food and further attack of pathogenic wind and heat, resulting in accumulated heat in the throat.
Clinical Manifestations
l. Fever around 40 'C .
2. Sore throat aggravated by swallow, even difficulty in swallow, pain radiating to the ear.
3. Redness and swelling in tonsil, purulent secretion in the opening of crypt, congestion in pharyngeal mucosa, submaxillary lymphadenovarix with tenderness.
Type and Treatment
(1) Wind-heat type
Symptoms and Signs: Fever, aversion to cold, headache, sore throat aggravated by swallow, foul breath, salivation, redness and swelling in tonsil, no obvious effusion, submaxillary lymphadenovarix with tenderness.
Red tongue, thin and white tongue coating, or thin and yellow tongue coating, superficial and rapid pulse.
Therapeutic Method: Expelling wind and clarifying heat for eliminating swelling and improving the throat.
(1)Acupuncture:
LI 4, LU7, DU14, GB20
LU11, LU 10
SJ16, LI18, Ren23
puncture with reducing technique twice a day.
(2) Bleeding puncture: It is advisable· to puncture with a three-edged needle on LU 11, LI 1 and Shixuan to release blood for reducing heat.
2. Syndrome of excessive heat of the LU& ST
Main symptoms and signs: Severe pharyngeal pain with the ear root and the submaxillary part involved. marked red swelling of tonsil with yellow-white purulent spots which gradually form the false membrane, and enlargement of the submaxillary lymph with marked tenderness
when the disease is severe, fever, thirst with inclination to drink, cough with yellowish sticky sputum, foul breath, constipation, dark urine. Red tongue with yellowish thick fur, full-large and rapid pulse.
Therapeutic methods, Clearing away heat and removing toxin, relieving sore throat and diminishing swelling.
(1) Acupuncture:
LI 4, ST 44, LI 11
LU11, LU 10
SJ16, LI18, Ren23
(2) Bleeding puncture: It is advisable· to puncture with a three-edged needle on LU 11, LI 1 and Shi Xuan to release blood for reducing heat.
Chronic Pharyngitis
It refers to the chronic pharyngeal inflammation with the main symptoms of chronic congestion of the pharyngeal mucous membrane, sensations of a foreign body, itching. burning heat. dryness and slight pain in the pharynx.
Etiology and Pathogenesis
( l) Sore throat due to Yin deficiency,
There is general Yin deficiency in the lung and kidney. or Yin deficiency of the lung and kidney due to repeated occurred by wind and heat, or due to injury of Yin caused by febrile diseases.
(2) Sore throat due to Yang deficiency:
There is general Yang deficiency, or impairment of Yang-Qi due to improper treatment of prolonged illness, or deficient Yin affecting Yang due to excessive sexual life, which leads to insufficiency of Yang-Qi and floating of Yang up to the throat. In this way, the disease occurs.
Clinical Manifestations
l. Sensations of a foreign body, itching, burning, dryness and slight pain in the pharynx.
2. Dark reddish congestion of mucous membrane of the pharynx.
Type and Treatment
(1) Pharyngitis due to Yin deficiency
Symptoms and Signs: Sensation of a foreign body in the throat, itching and slight pain in the pharynx, congested dark-reddish mucous membrane of the pharynx on examination,
slight fever after lunch, night sweat, feverish sensation in the palms and soles, dry stool or lassitude of the low back and legs, and insomnia, restlessness and dreams, little reddish tongue without coating, and thin and rapid pulse.
Therapeutic Method: Nourishing Yin and moisturizing the throat; Clearing away heat and relieving sore throat.
Acupuncture:
KI6, SP6, ST36, LU5
LU11, LU10,
SJ16, LI18, Ren23
use 2-3 of them. each time with middle or weak stimulation, retaining the needle for 15-20 minutes.
(2) Pharyngitis due to Yang deficiency
Symptoms and Signs: Slight pain in the pharynx, slight redness of the membrane of the pharynx found through examination, dry feeling in the pharynx but with no desire to drink or with a desire for hot drinks,
pale complexion, low spirit, coldness of hands and feet, clear and watery urine, loose stool, light, whitish tongue coating, and deep, thready and weak pulse.
Therapeutic Method: Warming the kidney and supporting Yang, relieving sore throat.
Acupuncture:
BL 23, BL 20, ST 36, RN 4, KI 3, DU 4
LU 11, LU10, LI 4
SJ16, LI18, Ren23
use 2-3 of them, each time with weak stimulation, retaining the needle for 15-20 minutes.
Moxibustion:
Alternatively, select the above-mentioned acupoiuts for moxibustion.
Acute laryngitis
Acute laryngitis is the acute inflammation of the laryngeal mucosa. It is one of the commonly-seen acute infectious diseases of respiratory tract.
The disease mostly occurs in the two seasons of winter and spring. The disease is more serious if it occurs in children. The inducing pathogenic factors of the disease include the stimulation of dust and harmful gases, improper use or overuse of voice, trauma, heavy smoking and excessive drinking.
Type and Treatment
1. External attack by wind and heat
Main symptoms and signs: Hoarseness, dryness inside the larynx with itch and cough, low and gruff voice with unsmooth phonation, and pain inside the larynx, accompanying fever, slight aversion to cold, slight sweating, headache, lassitude of limbs, slightly red lingual margin with whitish thin fur, floating and rapid pulse.
Therapeutic methods: Dispelling wind and clearing away heat, dispersing the lung and promoting phonation.
Acupuncture:
LI 4, LU7, DU14, GB20
LU11, LU 10
SJ16, LI18, Ren23
puncture with reducing technique twice a day.
2. External attack by wind and cold
Main symptoms and signs:
Hoarseness originating from being affected by wind and cold and being caught in rain, low and deep voice, slight pain of the pharyngolarynx or with mild dry sensation, cough with white thin sputum which is easily expectorated, or nasal obstruction, clear thin nasal discharge, aversion to cold, mild fever, whitish thin fur, floating and tense pulse.
Therapeutic methods: Dispelling wind and cold, dispersing the lung and promoting phonation.
Acupuncture:
LI 4, LU7, GB20
LU11, LU 10
SJ16, LI18, Ren23
puncture with reducing technique twice a day.
Chronic laryngitis
Chronic laryngitis is the chronic inflammation of the laryngeal mucosa. The disease is mostly due to prolonged course of acute laryngitis without cure or the repeated occurrence of acute laryngitis.
Besides, the occurrence of the disease is also related to the stimulation of harmful gases or dust, heavy smoking and the spreading of inflammation of upper and low respiratory tracts, or the stimulation of secretion.
Type and Treatment
• 1. Yin deficiency of the lung and kidney
Main symptoms and signs: The patient has prolonged hoarseness without cure and cannot speak persistently. Hoarseness will worsen after the patient is tired or speaks long. The larynx is slightly painful, uncomfortable, dry and itching. The patient suffers from cough and scanty sputum which is not easily expectorated and often clears his throat.
the patient has zygomatic flush and red lips, restlessness with less sleep, aching of the waist and knees, feverish sensation of palms and soles,
red tongue with scanty fur, thready and rapid pulse.
Therapeutic methods: Nourishing the lung and kidney, relieving the larynx to promote phonation.
Acupuncture:
BL 23, BL 13, SP6, KI6
LU 11, LU10, LI 4
SJ16, LI18, Ren23
use 2-3 of them, each time with weak stimulation, retaining the needle for 15-20 minutes.
• 2. Qi deficiency of the lung and spleen
Main symptoms and signs:
Hoarseness is prolonged and worsens after tiredness. The patient speaks in a low voice with strain for a short time.
The general symptoms include short breath, disinclination to speak, lassitude, anorexia and loose stool.
The tongue is pale and enlarged with white fur. The pulse is thready and weak.
Therapeutic methods: Tonifying the lung and spleen, relieving sore larynx to promote phonation.
Acupuncture:
BL 20, BL 13, DU20, Ren6
LU 11, LU10, LI 4
SJ16, LI18, Ren23
use 2-3 of them, each time with weak stimulation, retaining the needle for 15-20 minutes.
Toothache mainly ceased by tooth disorder. Tooth very painful, mostly it occurs in the tooth suffering from dental caries, with or without gams redness or swelling.
It refers pulpitis to modern medicine.
Etiology and Pathogenesis
It is related to frequent taking of greasy diet resulting in retention of heat in the spleen and stomach or unhealthy teeth and “ mouth leading to attack of pathogenic damp-heat to channels through which damp-heat evil steams up and damages dental pulp.
Clinical Manifestations
1. intermittent toothache.
2. Suppurative phase, Severe throbbing toothache which is accompanied with radiating pain.
3. The decayed tooth has a cavity, impacted either with food fragments or with smelly exudated pus, and often accompanied with reddish swollen gum.
4. The sick tooth has percussion pain.
Type and Treatment
(1 )Attack of wind-Heat to dental pulp
Symptoms and Signs:
Sudden onset of toothache which is drifting and often becomes more severe when irritated, fever, chill, running nose, body pain
thin and white tongue coating, floating and rapid pulse.
Therapeutic Method: Dispelling wind and heat and relieve pain.
Acupuncture:
LU7, DU14, GB20
LI4, ST44
ST6, SI18
puncture with reducing technique twice a day.
(2) Steaming up of the ST - fire
Symptoms and Signs:
Severe toothache. suppuration which aggravates when exposed to heat, fever, thirst, bad breath, constipation,
red tongue with yellow and greasy fur, full and rapid pulse.
Therapeutic Method: Purging the stomach of pathogenic fire, stop pain
Acupuncture:
ST44,LI11, DU14
LI 4,
ST6, SI18
puncture with reducing technique twice a day.
3. Deficiency heat rising up
Symptoms and Signs:
Dull toothache, more pain in afternoon or night. Tinnitus, dizziness, five center heat, low back sore, dry mouth
red tongue without coating, thin and rapid pulse.
Therapeutic Method: Nourish Yin, Purging the stomach of pathogenic fire
Acupuncture:
ST44, KD6, SP6
LI 4
ST6, SI18,
use 2-3 of them, each time with weak stimulation, retaining the needle for 15-20 minutes.
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Ophthalmology
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Foundation
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Anatomy
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Signs
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Points
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Red Swollen Sore Eyes
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Round Corneal Nebula
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Sudden Blindness
Ophthalmology - Eyes Disease
Eyes Relationships with Zang Fu
The Liver opens into the eyes
The storage of blood in the Liver enables the eyes to see things
The Liver qi enters the eyes
The Liver meridian is connected with the eyes
The heart governs the vessels that are all related to the eyes
The heart houses spirit and the eyes are commanded by the heart
The spleen transports essence upwards into the eyes
The spleen commands blood and the blood nourishes the eyes
The spleen governs muscles and monitors the opening and closing of the eyelids
The lung controls qi and the normal function of qi ensures normal vision
The dispersing and descending functions of the lung smooth the ocular collateralskidney essence enables the eyes to see things
The kidney produces cerebral marrow and the eyes are connected with the brain
The kidney controls body fluids and moistens the ocular balls
Eye Relation with the Meridians
- Gallbladder Meridian of Foot-Shaoyang
- Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang
- Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming
Anatomy and Physiology of the Nose
Differentiation of Symptoms and Signs:
Vision change
Pain and Itching
Redness and Swelling
Secretion and Tears
Differentiating vision
Poor vision are often caused by exopathic wind and heat or by flaming fire of the liver and gallbladder; deficiency of both the liver and kidney ,stagnancy of liver qi;
long-term blurred vision is caused by asthenia of both qi and blood;
Poor eyesight during dawn and contraction of visual field is caused by deficiency of kidney yang or by impairment of liver-kidney essence.
Differentiating Pain
Redness and pain of the eye with massive secretion is often due to exopathic wind;
Eyelid pain and swelling accompanied with constipation is usually due to excessive fire in yangming meridian;
Ocular distension after long times visual work is usually due to spleen and kidney deficiency;
Pain in the deep eyeball is usually due to stagnation of liver qi or Liver yang raising.
Differentiating Redness
Hyperemia of bulbar conjunctiva with tears and purulent secretion pertains to the type of exopathic wind-heat;
Hyperemia of bulbar conjunctiva and photophobia with tears pertains to the excessive heat of liver and gallbladder;
Slight redness and blurred vision with tears pertains to the type of fire hyperactivity due to yin deficiency.
Differentiating Itching
Ocular itching may be caused by pathogenic wind, and by deficiency of blood
Redness and itching of eye which becomes severe with wind blowing often pertains to the type of exopathic wind-Heat;
itching with uncomfortable sensation occurring now and then pertains to the type of endopathic wind due to blood deficiency
Differentiating Secretion and Tears
Massive eye secretion is a common symptom of external oculopathy and often pertains to heat syndrome.
Massive yellow thick secretion is due to excessive noxious heat;
Purulent secretion is due to damp-heat.
Points benefit eyes:
ST1, UB1,GB37, LI4, SJ23, GB1,Yu yao, Qiu Hou , Tai Yang
SI2, SI6, BL3, BL4, BL6, UB18, GB16, GB41, DU17, Si shen cong,ST8
Acute Conjunctivitis
Acute conjunctivitis is a common ocular disease as a result of bacterial infection. The disease is very infective and often epidemic in the warm seasons of a year.
Etiology and Pathogenesis
If exogenous pathogenic wind and heat has invaded into the body, they tend to attack upper Jiao, the resultant wind and heat flare up to the eye, the disease occurs.
If a person with constant excessive endogenous heat due to hyperactive Yang is attacked by pathogenic exogenous wind and heat, the original endogenous heat may combine with the pathogens, flare up to the eye and cause the disease.
Clinical Manifestations
( 1) The symptoms in mild cases include itching and uncomfortable feeling of the affected eye. In severe cases, there is photophobia with a burning and heavy sensation of the eyelid.
( 2) Congestion occurs, even with edema, swelling of the lid and large amount of mucous and purulent secretion in the conjunctival sac. In some cases, there may be hemorrhage.
(3) The disease is usually of bilateral type or one eye after another.
Usually, a mild start comes to its utmost in 3 to 4 days and relieves in 8 to 14 days.
Type and Treatment
(1) Wind-heat type
Symptoms and Signs: These include itching and discomfort, foreign body sensation, photophobia and lacrimation, comparatively scanty and thin secretion, slightly red swollen eyelid, bulbar conjunctival congestion,
Headache, stuffy nose, aversion to wind, slight fever, floating and rapid pulse, pink tongue with thin white coating.
Therapeutic Method: dispelling wind, clearing away heat.
(1)Acupuncture:
SJ23, Yu yao, Tai Yang, ST2
DU14, GB20, LU7
GB37, LI4,
with strong stimulation.
2.Type of over activity of lung-heat.
Symptoms and Signs:
Photophobia and lacrimation, burning pain, profuse sticky secretion, palpebral (eyelid) edema, bulbar conjunctival edema and congestion in brilliant red color,
Thirst, dry throat and cough, dry stools, rapid pulse, reddened tongue with thin, yellowish coating.
Therapeutic Method: Clearing away heat, purging pathogenic fire
Acupuncture:
SJ23, Yu yao, Tai Yang, ST2
LI11, DU14, LU5
GB37, LI4, BL3,
with strong stimulation.
3 Type of excessiveness of pathogenic fire in the liver
Symptoms and Signs: The symptoms are the same as the last type. In addition, spotted grayish-white cloud can be found in the superficial layers of the cornea.
There is hypochondriac pain, bitter taste in the mouth, dryness of throat rapid and wiry pulse, reddened margin of the tongue with thin, yellowish coating.
Therapeutic Method: Purging the liver of its pathogenic fire, open eyes
Acupuncture:
SJ23, Yu yao, Tai Yang, ST2, DU23
LI11, LU5, GB34, GB43
GB37, LI4,
with strong stimulation.
Senile Cataract
Senile cataract is one of the most common of acquired cataracts which is a manifestation of senile degeneration.
Senile cataract, a type of common cataract, is one of the major causes of blindness worldwide at present. It is Clinically defined as an opacity of the lens of the eye with progressive deterioration of vision.
The prevalence of the disease is often seen in the aged above 50 and its incidence usually increases with age.
The on setting age of 60 % to 70% patients of the disease is over 50 to 60 and that of 80% patients over 70.
Etiology and Pathogenesis
In most case senile deficiency of the liver and kidney, insufficiency of essence, blood, and Qi, often leads to malnutrition of the eyes and causes the disease;
Apart from this, dysfunction of the spleen in transportation of essence and energy for nourishment of the eyes may also be a cause to produce the disease.
Clinical Manifestations
At the early stage, the patient complains of black shadows occupying a fixed position in the visual field.
Usually, monocular(one eye) diplopia(double vision), or refraction change may occur.
The occurrence of visual disturbance depends upon the position which the opacities occupied in the lens.
The disease progresses slowly. Finally it may causes of blindness.
Type and Treatment
(1) Type of deficiency of the liver and kidney.
Symptoms and Signs: Senile weaker, blurred vision, dizziness and tinnitus, sorenese in loins and knees, pale tongue, and small, weak pulse.
Therapeutic Method: Tonifying the liver and kidney.
(1) The commonly used acupoints:
UB1, Qiuhou, UB2, Yuyao,
GB37, LI4
ST36, LV8, KD3
Needling is done once everyday or every other day at 2-3 points, 8-10 times.
(2) Moxibustion: BL 18 , BL 23 , and ST 36
(2) Type of Insufficiency of Spleen-Qi
Symptoms and Signs:
Blurred vision, listlessness, lassitude of the extremities, sallow complexion, poor appetite and loose stools, pale tongue with white fur, and slow or small weak pulse.
Therapeutic Method: Invigorating the spleen and replenishing Qi .
(1) The commonly used acupoints:
UB1, Qiuhou, UB2, Yuyao,
GB37, LI4,
ST36 and SP6
Needling is done once everyday or every other day at 2-3 points, 8-10 times.
(2) Moxibustion: BL 20 , SP6, and ST 36
(3) Type of deficiency of Yin accompanied by dampness and heat
Symptoms and Signs:
Blurred vision, foreign body sensation in the eye, thirst but having no desire for drink, dry stools, and reddened tongue with yellowish greasy fur.
Therapeutic Method: Nourishing Yin, clearing away heat, regulating Qi of the middle-Jiao and removing dampness.
The commonly used acupoints:
UB1, Qiuhou, UB2, Yuyao,
GB37, LI4,
KD6, SP9, LI11
Needling is done once everyday or every other day at 2-3 points, 8-10 times.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is an ocular disease caused by increase of intraocular pressure leading to the injury of the visual function.
It is classified into three categories.
They are primary glaucoma, congenital glaucoma and secondary glaucoma.
The first two categories involve both eyes while the secondary one occurs mainly in one eye.
Etiology and Pathogenesis
The disease is due to long-standing stagnation of the liver Qi caused by emotional upset, which later turns into fire to attack the eyes; it may also be due to wind-heat to attack the eyes, or due to retention of phlegm dampness that turns into fire to attack the eyes.
Besides, damage of Yin caused by overstain may lead to hyperactivity of Yang and induce endogenous wind. When the wind goes upward to attack the eyes, the disease occurs.
Clinical Manifestations
First stage, following an emotional stress, there is mild headache, distention in the eye.
Second stage, there is distending pain in the eyeball, severe headache, nausea, vomiting and sudden diminution of vision due to rapid increase of the intraocular pressure.
Third stage, the intraocular pressure reduces as a result of treatment, the symptoms subside; the visual function improves; But if high intraocular pressure persists, the anterior chamber may become adherent.
Chronic stage, Repeated attacks would lead to extensive adhesion of the anterior chamber angles, which results in continuous increase of the intraocular pressure, marked diminution of vision, contraction of visual field. The chamber angle becomes narrower or closed. Gradually the vision will completely lose.
Type and Treatment
(1) Type of stagnation of the liver-Qi.
Symptoms and Signs: Congestion and distending pain of the eye, diminution of vision, emotional upset, headache, chest distress, nausea, vomiting, reddened tongue with thin fur, and wiry pulse.
Therapeutic Method: Relieving the depressed liver. Removing heat.
The commonly used points:
UB1, ST2, ST1, Qiuhou
LI4, LV3,GB34
GB37
Choose four points for needling, once a day.
(2) Type of flaming of fire in the liver and GB
Symptoms and Signs:
There are all the symptoms of the angle closure glaucoma, accompanied with nausea, vomiting, deep-colored urine, constipation, reddened tongue with yellow fur, and wiry, rapid pulse.
Therapeutic Method: Purging the liver of pathogenic fire.
The commonly used points:
UB1, ST2, ST1, Qiuhou
GB37, LI4
LV2,GB43, GB41
Choose four points for needling, once a day.
(3) Type of upward disturbance of phlegm-fire
Symptoms and Signs:
Conjunctival congestion, distending pain of the eye, blurred vision, headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, deep-colored urine, constipation reddened tongue with yellow and greasy fur, and slippery, rapid pulse.
Therapeutic Method: Removing heat and expelling phlegm.
The commonly used points:
UB1, ST2, ST1, Qiuhou
LI4, GB37
SP9,LI11,ST40
Choose four points for needling, once a day.
Retinal Periphlebitis
The disease is characterized with retinal hemorrhage and changes of retinal veins.
It often occurs in young males of 21-30 years old and usually affects the eyes one after the other.
Etiology and Pathogenesis
The disease is usually due to the injury of Ying system by endogenous fire-heat, or due to stagnation of Qi and blood which results from deficient fire in the vessels caused by insufficiency of the liver and kidney.
Apart from these, deficiency of Qi and blood in the heart and spleen may also lead to abnormal flood of Qi and blood, thus causing retinal hemorrhage.
Clinical Manifestations
At the beginning of the disease, sometimes a few black shadows float up and down in the vision.
Diminution of vision may suddenly occur.
The fundus presents very curved and enormously distended distal veins with white sheaths, and grayish white exudate and hemorrhage around the them.
Slight bleeding may occur in the vitreous. Profuse and repeated bleeding may cause hyperplasia of the connective tissues resulting in retinitis.
Type and Treatment
(1) Type of the attack of fire and heat leading to bleeding.
Symptoms and Signs: Visual acuity drops suddenly. The veins of the optic fundus are congested and distended. The bleeding is in bright red color.
The tongue is red with yellowish fur; the rapid pulse.
Therapeutic Methods: Clearing away heat and purging fire, removing heat from the blood and preventing bleeding
Acupunctrue:
UB1, Qiuhou, UB2, Yuyao, SJ23, ST1
GB34, GB43, LI11,
UB18, GB37, GB41
(2) Type of hyperactivity of fire due to Yin deficiency
Symptoms and Signs: There are repeated moderate bleedings which may be accompanied with some new-born vessels,
reddened lips and flushed cheeks, dry throat, dizziness, tinnitus, lumbago, nocturnal emission, feverish sensation in the palms and soles, and scarlet tongue with little coating.
Therapeutic Method: Nourishing Yin and reducing pathogenic heat
Acupuncture:
UB1,Qiuhou, UB2, Yuyao, SJ23, ST1
KD6, SP6, LV8,UB23
UB18, GB37
(3) Type of deficiency of Qi and blood in the heart and spleen.
Symptoms and Signs: The blood spots in the fundus are pale red in color.
The patient shows sallow complexion, lassitude, palpitation, with poor appetite, loose stools, pale tongue and feeble pulse.
Therapeutic Method: Nourishing the heart and invigorating the spleen, supplementing Qi and improving eyesight.
Acupuncture:
UB1,Qiuhou, UB2, Yuyao, SJ23, ST1
SP6, ST36, Ren4
Si shen cong, ST8, HT7, BL15
Optic Neuritis
Optic neuritis is a kind of pathogenic change of the optic nerve which is characterized by diminishment of vision and the corresponding changes of visual field.
The disease is usually seen in young and middle aged people. It usually attacks both eyes.
The main manifestations of the disease in clinic are abrupt diminishment of vision and even blindness.
Etiology and Pathogenesis
The disease may be due to:
(1) emotional depression and stagnation of liver-Qi, which leads to obstruction of the collaterals;
(2) excessive fire of the liver and gallbladder which goes upwards to disturb the lucid orifices;
(3) deficiency of liver- Yin and kidney- Yin which leads to flaring-up of fire of deficiency type;
(4) Postpartum lactation which leads to deficiency of both Qi and blood.
Clinical Manifestations
Optic Neuritis has an acute onset and quick loss vision until blindness.
The fundus examination shows papillary hyperemia and edema with ill-defined margins, edema and turbidity of the adjacent retina with small amounts of flame-shaped hemorrhage and greyish white soft exudate spots. The central veins of the retina are filled and tortuous.
(1) Type of stagnation of liver-Qi.
Symptoms and Signs: One of the eye symptoms of Optic Neuritis
accompanied by emotional depression which causes dizziness, hypochondriac pain, dry throat, bitter taste and oppressed sensation in the chest.
Therapeutic Method: Relieving the depressed liver.
Acupuncture:
UB1,Qiuhou, UB2, Yuyao, SJ23,
GB20, LV3, LI4, GB34
BL4, UB18, GB41
(2) Type of Excessive Fire in the Liver and Gallbladder.
Symptoms and Signs:
The affection may involve one eye or both eyes. There is a quick drop of vision or even blindness
Accompanied with dizziness, headache, hypochondriac pain and bitter taste in the mouth, flushed face, conjunctival congestion, yellow urine, red margin of tongue and reddened tip, yellow and greasy fur, and wiry, rapid pulse.
Therapeutic Methods: Purging the liver of pathogenic fire.
Acupuncture:
UB1,Qiuhou, UB2, Yuyao, SJ23,
GB34, LV2, GB43
SI2, BL4, UB18, GB41
(3) Type of hyperactivity of fire due to Yin deficiency
Symptoms and Signs:
There is a quick drop of vision or even blindness
Accompanied with dizziness, tinnitus, deafness, red lips, flushed cheeks, reddened tongue, and wiry, thready and rapid pulse.
Therapeutic Method: Nourishing Yin and reducing pathogenic heat.
Acupuncture:
UB1,Qiuhou, UB2, Yuyao, SJ23,
KD6, LV8, SP6,
BL6, UB18